IPCC Chapter 3, The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide

Climate Change 2001:Working Group I: The Scientific Basis

Table of contentsSummaryForewordPrefaceSummary for PolicymakersTechnical SummaryChapter 1. The Climate System: an OverviewChapter 2. Observed Climate Variability and ChangeChapter 3. The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric Carbon DioxideChapter 4. Atmospheric Chemistry and Greenhouse GasesChapter 5. Aerosols, their Direct and Indirect EffectsChapter 6. Radiative Forcing of Climate ChangeChapter 7. Physical Climate Processes and 3. The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide
Content
Executive Summary
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Terrestrial and Ocean Biogeochemistry: Update on Processes
3.2.1 Overview of the Carbon Cycle3.2.2 Terrestrial Carbon Processes3.2.2.1 Background3.2.2.2 Effects of changes in land use and land management3.2.2.3 Effects of climate3.2.2.4 Effects of increasing atmospheric CO23.2.2.5 Effects of anthropogenic nitrogen deposition3.2.2.6 Additional impacts of changing atmospheric chemistry3.2.2.7 Additional constraints on terrestrial CO2 uptake3.2.3 Ocean Carbon Processes3.2.3.1 Background3.2.3.2 Uptake of anthropogenic CO23.2.3.3 Future changes in ocean CO2 uptake
3.3 Palaeo CO2 and Natural Changes in the Carbon Cycle
3.3.1 Geological History of Atmospheric CO23.3.2 Variations in Atmospheric CO2 during Glacial/inter-glacial Cycles3.3.3 Variations in Atmospheric CO2 during the Past 11,000 Years3.3.4 Implications
3.4 Anthropogenic Sources of CO2
3.4.1 Emissions from Fossil Fuel Burning and Cement Production3.4.2 Consequences of Land-use Change
3.5 Observations, Trends and Budgets
3.5.1 Atmospheric Measurements and Global CO2 Budgets3.5.2 Interannual Variability in the Rate of Atmospheric CO2 Increase3.5.3 Inverse Modelling of Carbon Sources and Sinks3.5.4 Terrestrial Biomass Inventories
3.6 Carbon Cycle Model Evaluation
3.6.1 Terrestrial and Ocean Biogeochemistry Models3.6.2 Evaluation of Terrestrial Models3.6.2.1 Natural carbon cycling on land3.6.2.2 Uptake and release of anthropogenic CO2 by the land3.6.3 Evaluation of Ocean Models3.6.3.1 Natural carbon cycling in the ocean3.6.3.2 Uptake of anthropogenic CO2 by the ocean
3.7 Projections of CO2 Concentration and their Implications
3.7.1 Terrestrial Carbon Model Responses to Scenarios of Change in CO2 and Climate3.7.2 Ocean Carbon Model Responses to Scenarios of Change in CO2 and Climate3.7.3 Coupled Model Responses and Implications for Future CO2 Concentrations3.7.3.1 Methods for assessing the response of atmospheric CO2 to different emissions athways and model sensitivities3.7.3.2 Concentration projections based on IS92a, for comparison with previous studies3.7.3.3 SRES scenarios and their implications for future CO2 concentration3.7.3.4 Stabilisation scenarios and their implications for future CO2 emissions3.7.4 Conclusions
References
Co-ordinating Lead AuthorI.C. Prentice
Lead AuthorsG.D. Farquhar, M.J.R. Fasham, M.L. Goulden, M. Heimann, V.J. Jaramillo, H.S. Kheshgi, C. Le Quéré, R.J. Scholes, D.W.R. Wallace
Contributing AuthorsD. Archer, M.R. Ashmore, O. Aumont, D. Baker, M. Battle, M. Bender, L.P. Bopp, P. Bousquet, K. Caldeira, P. Ciais, P.M. Cox, W. Cramer, F. Dentener, I.G. Enting, C.B. Field, P. Friedlingstein, E.A. Holland, R.A. Houghton, J.I. House, A. Ishida, A.K. Jain, I.A. Janssens, F. Joos, T. Kaminski, C.D. Keeling, R.F. Keeling, D.W. Kicklighter, K.E. Kohfeld, W. Knorr, R. Law, T. Lenton, K. Lindsay, E. Maier-Reimer, A.C. Manning, R.J. Matear, A.D. McGuire, J.M. Melillo, R. Meyer, M. Mund, J.C. Orr, S. Piper, K. Plattner, P.J. Rayner, S. Sitch, R. Slater, S. Taguchi, P.P. Tans, H.Q. Tian, M.F. Weirig, T. Whorf, A. Yool
Review EditorsL. Pitelka, A. Ramirez Rojas